We step onto the breathtaking island of Nusa Penida, a place where history and legend intertwine.
The island's story dates back to the 10th century, as recorded on the Belanjong Pillar from 914 AD.
This ancient inscription reveals that Sri Kesari Warmadewa, Bali's first king, once led an expedition to Nusa Penida. Over time, the island witnessed both conquest and resistance, shaping its intriguing past.
From Resistance to Conquest: The Fall of Nusa Penida's Kingdom
The people of Nusa Penida stood firm against multiple armed expeditions launched by Bali's rulers. However, in the 17th century, the Gelgel Dynasty succeeded in conquering the island. Dalem Bungkut, the last king of Nusa Penida, died in battle, marking a turning point in the island's fate.
Following its annexation, Nusa Penida became part of the Klungkung Kingdom, one of Bali's nine royal territories. Even when Bali later fell under Dutch rule in 1908, Nusa Penida remained under Klungkung Regency. Interestingly, a Dutch map from 1900 labeled Nusa Penida as the "Bandit Island" since Klungkung's rulers exiled criminals, political dissidents, and practitioners of black magic here.
The Meaning Behind Nusa Penida
Nusa Penida's name carries deep cultural significance. In the Balinese language, “Nusa” means “island”, while “Penida” translates to “priest”—making it the "Island of Priests." Despite this sacred meaning, the island also gained an adventurous reputation, inspiring comic artist Bob de Moor to feature it in his 1950s work, where the hero Georges Barelli embarks on a thrilling journey to Nusa Penida.
The Legend of Ratu Gede Mas Mecaling
Island folklore tells the tale of Dalem Bungkut, who, after his passing, became Ratu Gede Mas Mecaling, a powerful figure with golden fangs. Some believe that he originally came from Batuan Village in Bali but was banished to Nusa Penida due to his dark magic practices. His name still instills fear, as he was thought to spread plagues and disasters upon Bali.
One of the most chilling legends recounts how Mecaling tricked the Balinese people. During the festival of Nyepi, he disguised himself as Barong, Bali's protector, and led his demonic army in an invasion. This event led to the tradition of Nyepi as a silent day, a practice meant to deceive wandering spirits and prevent another attack.
A Sacred Pilgrimage to Nusa Penida
After Mecaling's rampage, Balinese priests performed rituals to banish his spirit back to Pura Ped Temple, where he is now believed to reside. Every Balinese Hindu is expected to visit Pura Ped at least once in their lifetime to seek spiritual balance and protection. This temple remains one of Nusa Penida's most significant spiritual sites.
Exploring Nusa Penida's Sacred Temples
Bali is home to numerous “Pura” (temples), each serving different spiritual purposes:
• Pura Kahyangan Jagad – Mountain temples considered the most sacred, like Pura Besakih on Mount Agung.
• Pura Tirta – Water temples used for spiritual cleansing.
• Pura Segara – Coastal temples that worship sea deities, such as Pura Tanah Lot.
• Pura Dalem – Temples dedicated to Shiva and spirits connected to life and death rituals.
Pura Puncak Mundi: The Temple Above the Clouds
Standing atop Nusa Penida's highest peak, Pura Puncak Mundi offers breathtaking views over the island. Its history traces back to 128 AD, when the deity Batara Guru manifested as a priest named Dukuh Jumpungan. The temple complex includes three sections: Beji Temple, Krangkeng Temple, and Puncak Mundi Temple. Visitors may also spot playful monkeys in the untouched forests surrounding the site.
Culture and Traditions Unique to Nusa Penida
Although Nusa Penida is part of Bali, it has its own dialect and unique cultural traditions. One of the most striking performances is the Baris Jangkang Dance, which reenacts the battle between Dalem Bungkut and the Balinese King Waturenggong.
From ancient battles and black magic to sacred temples and unique traditions, Nusa Penida is truly an island where history and myth merge into an unforgettable experience.
