In the worldwide effort to meet net-zero targets, reductions in emissions across all industrial sectors are paramount.

Agriculture holds significant importance in this mission, as it contributes up to 22% of global greenhouse gas emissions.

Agrivoltaics: A Sustainable Solution

A promising approach to decarbonising agriculture involves the integration of solar panels, also known as photovoltaics (PVs), into fields of crops, greenhouses, and livestock areas. This practice, termed agrivoltaics, not only aids farmers in lowering their carbon footprint but also allows for continued food production.

Addressing Criticisms of Solar Power

Agrivoltaics also addresses a common critique of solar power – the perception that solar farms utilize vast amounts of agricultural land that could otherwise support food production. In reality, solar farms occupy a mere 0.15% of the UK's total land, significantly less than the 70% designated for agriculture.

Benefits of Agrivoltaics

One straightforward example of an agrivoltaic system involves the installation of conventional crystalline silicon PVs alongside livestock in fields. This method has gained popularity due to its positive impacts on biodiversity, increased production through enhanced pasture growth, and reduced maintenance costs.

Challenges and Considerations

Despite its benefits, agrivoltaics pose challenges, particularly in instances where solar panels obstruct sunlight needed by crops. The optimal balance of sunlight piercing varies by location, crop type, and environmental conditions, highlighting the complexity of integrating solar panels with agricultural practices.

New Materials for Improved Performance

Innovative materials such as organic semiconductors and perovskites offer customizability to ensure crops receive necessary light while generating energy. Computational tools play a vital role in evaluating the performance of these materials, allowing for informed decisions on the most suitable options.

Role of Computational Tools in Advancing Agrivoltaics

Open-source tools that simulate PV material performance across different regions aid in selecting optimal materials for agrivoltaic systems. By considering factors like light transmittance and power output, these tools guide the design of efficient and sustainable agrivoltaic solutions.

Future Implications for Agriculture

Integration of computational tools with economic and environmental analyses can further enhance the transition to decarbonised agriculture. Through informed decision-making and efficient resource management, agrivoltaics offer a promising pathway towards achieving global net-zero emissions.

Decarbonising agriculture through agrivoltaics represents a critical strategy in reducing emissions and promoting sustainability. By leveraging innovative materials and computational tools, the agricultural sector can embrace eco-friendly practices, contributing to the overall goal of achieving global net-zero emissions!